This Legion was formed sometime before 59 BC, as by 58 BC it was already one of Julius Caesar's older legions. It served under Caesar in Gaul from 58-49, in Spain in 49, at Pharsalus, and in Africa in 46. It was disbanded in late 46, but Caesar ordered re-enlistments in 44 for his upcoming Parthian Campaign, and on the Ides of March they were stationed just outside Rome on the Tiber Island. "Paterna" - Commemorates its link with Julius Caesar as its pater patriae.