The Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians is a segment of the Chippewa tribe based on the Turtle Mountain Reservation in Rolette County, North Dakota. The tribe has 30,000 enrolled members. A population of 5,815 reside on the main reservation and another 2,516 reside on off-reservation trust land (as of the 2000 census). The tribal offices are located in Belcourt, North Dakota.**********The Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians is one of the successors of the Pembina Band of Chippewa Indians. There is some controversy over whether the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians includes the Little Shell Band of Chippewa Indians or not. Several court cases have decided that they are indeed separate tribes,and have in fact recognized at least 3 tribal units, and several unassociated members of that band.*******The main reservation lies in the northern part of Rolette County, North Dakota and has a land area of 175.039 km² (67.583 sq mi) and a 2000 census population of 5,815 persons. However, there are very extensive off-reservation trust lands that make the reservation's lands the most widely dispersed of all reservations in the nation. These lands are spread across 22 counties in three states: North Dakota, Montana, and South Dakota. Including these lands the reservation's land area rises more than three-fold to 603.560 km² (233.036 sq mi). Its total resident population at the 2000 census was 8,331. Rolette County itself has the largest portion of off-reservation trust land, but there are significant parcels in Phillips, Blaine, Sheridan, and Roosevelt Counties in Montana, and in Williams County, North Dakota. Sixteen other counties have lesser amounts of land.**********The Ojibwa, Aanishanabe or Chippewa (also Ojibwe, Ojibway, Chippeway, Anishinaabe, or Anishinabek) is the largest group of Native Americans/First Nations north of Mexico, including Métis. They are the third largest in the USA, surpassed only by Cherokee and Navajo. They are about equally divided between the United States and Canada. Because they formerly were located mainly around Sault Ste. Marie, at the outlet of Lake Superior, the French referred to them as Saulteurs; Ojibwa who subsequently moved to the Prairie provinces of Canada have retained the name Saulteaux. The major component group of the Anishinaabe, in the US they number over 100,000 living in an area stretching across the north from Michigan to Montana. Another 76,000, in 125 bands, live in Canada, stretching from western Québec to eastern British Columbia. They are known for their Birch bark canoes, sacred birch bark scrolls, the use of cowrie shells, wild rice, copper points, and for the fact that they were the only Native Americans to defeat the Sioux at times. The Ojibwe Nation was the first to set the agenda for signing more detailed treaties with Canada's leaders before many settlers were allowed too far west. The Midewiwin Society was well respected as the keeper of detailed and complex scrolls of events, history, songs, maps, memories, stories, geometry, and mathematics.