Strangler Fig, Big Cypress Swamp, Florida

"Strangler Fig, Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida" by Catherine Sherman. The strangler fig is (Ficus aurea) one of the most striking plants in the Big Cypress National Preserve in Florida. It grows around the host tree, actually strangling its host over time. The strangler fig is an epiphyte, a plant that grows on another plant but is not parasitic, such as the numerous ferns, bromeliads, air plants, and orchids growing on tree trunks in tropical rainforests. However, the strangler fig is the only epiphyte that will affect the host in which it grows. The strangler fig grows very slowly as it matures, extracting water and nutrients directly from the atmosphere. As the plant gets larger, it may grow both up and down the trunk of the host tree. Eventually, the strangler fig will reach the ground and start growing more rapidly. The strangler fig encircles the roots of the host tree, eventually killing it. As the host tree rots away, a hollow void is left with the strangler fig standing alone. Each of the 750 fig tree species found throughout the world are pollinated by a wasp specific to each fig. The fresh waters of the Big Cypress National Preserve, essential to the health of the neighboring Everglades, support the rich marine estuaries along Florida's southwest coast. Protecting over 729,000 acres of this vast swamp, Big Cypress National Preserve contains a mixture of tropical and temperate plant communities that are home to a diversity of wildlife, including the elusive Florida panther.